International Humanitarian Law
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Most victims of war today neither wear a uniform nor carry a gun. They are civilians - among them the most vulnerable, including women, children and the elderly. International humanitarian las (IHL) exists to protect them during times of armed conflict, as well as wounded and sick combatants and prisoners of war. The treaties known as the Geneva Conventions and Three Protocols establish these groups' protections and rights. These documents provide and internationally agreed upon standard of humane treatment.
The Basic Rules of IHL
During armed Conflict, International Humanitarian Law states That:
- Civilians are not to be attacked
- Those protected by the law are entitled to fundamental judicial guarantees. No one may be subjected to physical or mental torture, corporal punishment or cruel or degrading treatment.
- Combatants who are hors de combat (outside of the conflict) and those not taking part in hostilities are entitled to respect for their lives and physical and moral integrity. They are to be protected and treated humanely without adverse discrimination.
- It is forbidden to kill or injure an enemy who surrenders or who is hors de combat.
- The lives, dignity, personal rights and religious convictions of those detained in connection with armed conflict must be respected, which includes their protection against violence and reprisals. They have the right to correspond with their families and to receive humanitarian assistance.
- The wounded and sick are to be collected and cared for by the party that has them in its power. Medical personnel, establishments, transports and materials are to be protected. The protective emblems must be respected.
The Protective Emblems
The Role of the Red Cross
Enforcing IHL
What Can You Do to Help?
FAQ
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